Although
we take them for granted, autos have only played a part in our
transportation for the past 125 years. And, as with anything new, there
were plenty of “firsts” where the motorized wagon was concerned.
In
fact, it was 114 years ago today that the first known person was killed in a
motorized vehicle accident in North America.
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| Henry H. Bliss |
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| San Remo Hotel |
It was around 9 p.m. on September 13, 1899, when 62-year-old
Henry Hale Bliss, a Manhattan real estate dealer, stepped from a streetcar at
West 74th Street and Central Park West in New York, to stand in front of the
San Remo Hotel. Bliss turned to
offer his assistance to a female passenger, a Miss Lee, who was also getting
off the streetcar, when an electric-powered taxicab struck him.
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| Bliss Death Certificate |
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| Roosevelt Surgery |
According
to reports, Bliss was knocked to the ground by the impact and the taxi ran over
his head and chest. Roosevelt Hospital surgeon, Dr. Marney, told officials that
Bliss had been injured so badly he could not be expected to live. Bliss died of
his injuries at Roosevelt Hospital the next morning around 6:25.
The
driver of the oncoming cab, Arthur Smith was arrested and charged with
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| NYC Electric Cabs in 1899 |
manslaughter. Smith said that a large truck was blocking the right lane, “making
it necessary for him to run his vehicle close to the car.” Smith was later acquitted on grounds that the
accident was not intentional.
The
passenger in Smith’s cab at the time of the accident was Dr. David Orr Edison,
son of former New York City Mayor Franklin Edison. Edison was returning from a
call on a patient in Harlem at the time of the accident. He immediately sent
for an ambulance after examining Bliss and proceeded to do what he could to
keep him alive until help arrived.
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| Bliss Accident Scene |
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|
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| New York City Pedestrians |
Cabbies
and motormen referred to the area where Bliss was killed as the “dangerous
stretch” because so many accidents had occurred there during the preceding
summer.
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| Bliss's Grave Site |
Henry
Hale Bliss was buried at Cedar Grove Cemetery in Flushing, New York. There is
no stone to mark his grave today.
One
hundred years later, on September 13, 1999, a plaque to commemorate the event
was placed at the original scene of the accident. The plaque reads:
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| Commemorative Plaque |
Here
at West 74th Street and Central Park West, Henry H. Bliss dismounted from a
streetcar and was struck and knocked unconscious by an automobile on the
evening of September 13, 1899. When Mr. Bliss, a New York real estate man, died
the next morning from his injuries, he became the first recorded motor vehicle
fatality in the Western Hemisphere. This sign was erected to remember Mr. Bliss
on the centennial of his untimely death and to promote safety on our streets
and highways.
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| Mary Ward |
There
were actually two other vehicle deaths recorded in the world before Bliss.
On August 31, 1869, 42-year-old Irish scientist Mary Ward was thrown from an
experimental steam-powered car on a bend in the road in County Down in Ireland.
Ward was thrown under the wheels of the car and run over. She died almost
instantly from a broken neck. Ward is the first known person to have been
killed in a motor vehicle accident.
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| Bridget Driscoll (Circled) and Family |
In
England on August 17, 1896, 44-year-old Bridget Driscoll was the first known
U.K. pedestrian killed by an auto. Driscoll was crossing the grounds of the
Crystal Palace on Sydenham Hill when she was struck by a motorized vehicle that
was giving demonstration rides.
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| Crystal Palace Grounds |
The
driver of the car, Arthur Edsall claimed to be going 4 mph when the accident
occurred, although some versions of the car could go up to 8 mph. The jury found the
death to be accidental.
The
accident occurred just a few weeks after Parliament had enacted a new speed limit
allowing vehicles to travel up to 14 mph – an daring increase from the past
limits of 2 mph in towns and 4 mph in the country.
At
the close of 1900, there were close to 14,000 motorized vehicles on the roads in
the U.S. and 36 people had died as the result of an auto accident. As of 2010,
there were almost 240,000,000 vehicles on the road in America and there were
over 25,500 vehicle deaths that year.
Morale of the story: Drive
(and walk) safely!
~
Joy
And
we love to hear them, to be scared by them. Just look at the number of urban
legends, ghost stories and horrifying tales that are on the internet. Not to
mention the recent incursion of paranormal shows on television and radio.
Native
Americans would tell spirit stories around campfires as a way to instill values,
strengthen their history, and help preserve their culture. Most of these
stories involved morals aimed at making the younger members of the community
think about their actions and decisions.
The
classic ghost story came about during the Victorian Age, from 1840 to 1920.
These stories contained the fundamentals of folklore touched with
psychology. Author M.R. James, known for
his ghost stories at the turn of the century, remarked that the essential
elements of a ghost story are “the stoney
grin of unearthly malice, “malevolence and terror, the glare of evil faces, and
“long distant screams.”
Today, we can sit in the comfort of our living rooms and be scared silly watching such
television shows as Ghost Mine, Ghost
Hunters, Stalked by a Ghost, and Notorious Hauntings. And since the 1970s,
movies about ghosts have been an extremely popular genre.
Urban
legends are our modern versions of folklore; they change as our world changes but they still echo our fears and provide us with an ethical message couched in
a cautionary tale, warning us about what could happen if we take something too far.
